Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science

In the context of data security, what is an algorithm?

1. A sequence for solving problems.

2. A coding language.

3. A hardware device.

4. A network protocol.

The correct answer is: A sequence for solving problems.

An algorithm is defined as a sequence of steps or instructions that are followed in order to solve a problem or perform a specific task. In the context of data security, algorithms are crucial as they provide the methods for encrypting and decrypting data, ensuring that sensitive information is protected during transmission and storage. When determining the most accurate definition, it becomes evident that algorithms, unlike coding languages, are not used for writing software but are instead the logical instructions that software might implement. Additionally, an algorithm is not a hardware device; it doesn’t refer to physical components necessary for computation. Similarly, while network protocols govern how data is transmitted over a network, they are distinct from algorithms as they focus more on communication rules rather than the procedural steps for data handling or problem-solving. Therefore, identifying an algorithm as a sequence for solving problems accurately captures its fundamental purpose, particularly in fields requiring rigorous data management and security measures.