Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science

In the context of the Internet, what does "End to End" refer to?

1. A network protocol for secure data transfer

2. A design principle where the core network is kept simple

3. A method of data compression

4. A strategy for user authentication

The correct answer is: A design principle where the core network is kept simple

"End to End" refers to a design principle in network architecture that emphasizes keeping the core of the network simple while allowing more complex functionality to be handled at the endpoints of the communication. The idea is that the intelligence and processing needed for specific applications should be implemented on the devices at the ends of the communication channel, such as user devices or servers, rather than within the network itself. This approach can lead to more efficient and flexible network services because the core network can focus on its primary role of facilitating data transfer, without needing to understand the specifics of every application. In the context of this principle, maintaining a simple core network allows for greater scalability and easier maintenance, as it reduces the complexity of network management and minimizes potential points of failure. The endpoints can innovate and adapt to specific requirements without being constrained by the architecture of the network, which facilitates a range of applications and services. The incorrect options reference various technologies and methods that don't encapsulate the essence of the "End to End" principle. A secure data transfer protocol does not relate to the design mentality behind network core simplicity. Data compression pertains to the efficiency of data storage and transfer rather than the structure of the network. User authentication strategies focus on securing access to systems, which is not aligned with