Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science

What does redundancy in networking refer to?

1. Multiple devices performing the same function

2. The ability to detect errors in transmission

3. Having multiple pathways for data transmission

4. A method for increasing download speeds

The correct answer is: Having multiple pathways for data transmission

Redundancy in networking primarily refers to having multiple pathways for data transmission, which enhances the reliability and availability of the network. This concept allows for alternative routes for data to travel in case one pathway becomes unavailable due to failure or congestion. By enabling multiple routes, redundancy ensures that network operations can continue smoothly, maintaining connectivity and minimizing downtime. In contrast, while the other options discuss important aspects of networking, they do not encompass the full scope of redundancy. For example, multiple devices performing the same function may provide load balancing or fault tolerance but do not specifically address the idea of alternative routes for data. Likewise, error detection is vital for network performance, yet it represents a different aspect of data integrity rather than redundancy. Finally, methods for increasing download speeds do not inherently provide redundancy; they may optimize performance but do not ensure alternative pathways for data transmission. Thus, option C encapsulates the core principle of redundancy in networking effectively.